Each year, the number of patients seeking help from medical institutions complains of back pain. If you don't even do massive physical activity on your skeleton, your activity consists of a sedentary lifestyle - at night, your back still hurts.
Why does this happen and how to eliminate constant discomfort?
The causes of back pain can be hidden in various pathologies. If you experience an unpleasant sensation in your lower back, consult a neurologist immediately. Persistent back pain and discomfort can lead to limited mobility and decreased activity.
In most situations, the cause of back pain can be spinal diseases, diseases of vital organs as a result of professional activity, birth trauma. Only an experienced specialist can make an accurate diagnosis after an exam. In some situations, a series of additional diagnostic measures are prescribed.
According to statistics, back pain affects 50% of the world population.
At the same time, in childhood, this phenomenon is a sign of pathologies of Organs internal organs that occur infrequently. In most cases, back pain affects elderly patients.
Pathogenesis of occurrence
Generally, the causes of back pain are associated with musculoskeletal defects. Less common pathogenesis, which is found in serious violations of the elements of the skeleton. In addition, at certain points, back pain can be triggered by the most dangerous diseases. Like tumors and inflammation in the spinal cord, pathologies of organs important for life - the heart, the liver and the like.
And then, the reason:
- The gestation period.
- Scoliosis.
- Pelvic hemorrhage.
- Aortic injury.
- Infectious parasites enter the muscle tissue of the spine and pelvis.
- The spread of malignant neoplasms to the back.
- Postponed infectious diseases. For example FLU.
- Various injuries.
The reason why cn hurts
it can be in the presence of certain diseases:- osteochondrosis; radiculitis;
- intervertebral hernia;
- bone cancer;
- fractures;
- sciatica and a wide range of other disorders.
Osteochondrosis
Back pain in osteochondrosis is painful in nature. In addition, its symptoms are a tightness in the spine, an unpleasant sensation in the lower back. After a while, numbness appears in the pathology zone. This restricts movement. Back pain is more pronounced with exercise.
It also looks brighter when coughing, sneezing or any sudden movement. "Hellish pain" haunts because of the compression of nerve endings by the discs.
Back pain can last from several minutes to a day. If the disease has spread to the chest, unpleasant sensations appear in the heart organ. Therefore, the patient does not always guess about the disease, thinking that he has angina pectoris. If you don't start treatment in a timely manner, osteochondrosis becomes chronic. The patient cannot stand or sit for a long time, gets tired quickly, always wants to lie down.
3/4 of the population that develops symptoms of acute low back pain suffer precisely from this disease. In addition, the disease affects people over thirty. This is due to the fact that, over the years, the human spine wears out and is susceptible to various pathologies.
If your back hurts and you suspect osteochondrosis, make an appointment with a neurologist. He will make diagnostic measures to make an accurate diagnosis, prescribe special medications, prescribe physiotherapy exercises and make the necessary diet.
Radiculite
Back pain can form in diseases such as sciatica. This disease is the result of the compression of nerve endings, resulting in changes of a different nature. All of this accompanies back pain, which occurs quite frequently.
The syndrome manifests itself at the site of the disease. It can be permanent or temporary. Pain can radiate to the arms and legs. In addition, muscle mass is weakened and the limbs are numb.
Herniated disk
During the early stage of development of the disease, back pain is dull in nature. It becomes more when bending, turning, sudden movements. Often, lethargy can appear in one of the lower limbs.
After a certain period, the back pain starts to become acute. As a result, there is a strong overload of the muscles. This contributes to limiting movement. As a result, the patient's posture visibly changes for the worse. As a rule, this pathology forms in patients after forty years. Earlier, it manifests as a result of an injury.
This disease must be treated in the early stages of its development. You need to seek help from an orthopedist or neurologist. As a rule, the doctor uses CT to diagnose this pathology. As therapy, they resort to surgical intervention.
Diagnostic activities
If severe and persistent back pain makes your life difficult, go to the hospital.
First, the specialist performs an examination by palpation of the muscle tissue and the skeleton of the spine. It also assesses the state of the central nervous system. The second stage will be the performance of laboratory tests of blood and urine. This is necessary to eliminate the likelihood of pathology in the kidney organ.
Radiography is used as an additional diagnostic measure. This is necessary to eliminate the likelihood of fractures of another nature, osteomyelitis and a number of other diseases.
If the X-ray shows ambiguous results, CT and MRI of the spine are additionally prescribed. CT scan clearly shows all elements of the spinal skeleton and MRI - the state of the spinal cord and discs.
When performing the listed diagnostic methods, the presence of osteochondrosis is often revealed. Nor can it be called a disease, but age-related changes in the spine.
During diagnostic measures, in most cases, certain diseases are found that form with age. Pathologies can be revealed even if the patient has never experienced back pain. Based on the results of a complete diagnosis, a highly qualified specialist makes the diagnosis and prescribes an effective treatment.
Pain therapy
For pain syndrome to leave you alone forever, it is necessary to eliminate the cause of its onset. That is, he will be cured of the disease that causes this pain. A neurologist or orthopedist selects individual therapy methods for each case.
But the treatment of all types of pathologies is associated with excavation, acupuncture and also manual therapy.
Pain relief
As a rule, pain in any disease decreases when the patient is lying down. But this is not recommended. When a person spends most of their time lying down, the disease begins to develop at a faster rate.
For certain types of pathologies, a specialist prescribes adherence to bed rest. Of course, the doctor's recommendations should be followed, but try to shorten this time to the maximum. The sooner you get out of bed, the more beneficial it will be for your healing.
Don't overload the column either. During this time, while you are plagued by pain, try to avoid physical exertion and wear a special medical corset for fixation.
Pain relief includes conservative methods of influence. The specialist prescribes medicines for oral administration as well as for injections. Typically, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed, such as diclofenac, lornoxicam.
Muscle relaxants are also used: tizanidine and tolperisone hydrochloride. When dystrophic processes occur, chondroprotectors are used. The doctor can prescribe topical ointments and gels, which belong to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
After a thorough examination and an accurate diagnosis, the doctor may recommend physical therapy, which consists of heating with dry heat. As well as a set of exercises for physiotherapy exercises.
Manual therapy
If this treatment method is performed by a qualified manual operator according to all rules and regulations, the pain syndrome will regress in the shortest possible time. In addition, manual therapy helps to eliminate vertebral defects.
This treatment must not be carried out independently, without the authorization of the responsible specialist. Only after the diagnostic measures performed (X-rays and MRI), the neurologist can recommend this method of exposure. This is due to the fact that the therapy has its own contraindications.
Manual therapy should not be used if there is a hernia or if there is a defect in the vertebral discs. It is not recommended for use in cardiovascular pathologies, including after a heart attack or stroke.
Never use this treatment for cancerous tumors.
In case of thyroid pathologies and osteoporosis, this method is also not recommended. If the disease is in an exacerbation stage, avoid manual therapy. In conclusion, this method for eliminating pain in the spinal region cannot be used with poor blood clotting.
Acupuncture
Acupuncture is also called acupuncture. This treatment method is generally used for pain that arises as a result of a heavy load on the spine or when the patient is under frequent stressful situations.
Experts suggest that acupuncture helps restore endorphins. The effect of these elements on the body is similar to that of morphine. As everyone knows, morphine is a narcotic substance that can completely suppress pain.
Chinese medicine professionals believe that acupuncture can eliminate any type of pain.
Still, guided by research by Russian scientists, acupuncture cannot be used in the following cases:
- with pathologies of the heart organ and its structures;
- for tumors of a malignant and benign nature;
- if you have surgery;
- for diseases of the kidney and liver;
- during pregnancy and breastfeeding;
- with poor blood clotting;
- in the presence of acute infectious diseases.
Final result
We found that back pain and its causes are of various natures, the treatment is selected individually for each one. As a rule, the manifestation of pain is directly related to pathologies of the spine and spinal cord.
That's why, at the slightest symptom, you need to make an appointment with a specialist neurologist.
As an additional consultation, the examination of a neurosurgeon, rheumatologist, oncologist, pulmonologist, traumatologist and many other highly qualified specialists will be possible. To find out which doctors are needed, make an appointment with your therapist. He will suggest another action plan.
In addition to the specialists listed, for the treatment and prevention of painful syndrome, they resort to the help of a massage therapist, reflexologist, chiropractor. The most important thing in therapy is not the elimination of the pain defect, but the exclusion of the pathogenesis in which the pain occurs. We can take as an example a complex therapy, which consists of two stages.
In the initial phase - the use of a medication that eliminates pain due to its components: vitamin B and diclofenac. Since diclofenac is contained in the drug in minimal amounts, it is not capable of causing unpleasant side effects.
The next step is to use the medication, which contains vitamins B1, B6 and B12 in the required amount. It helps to restore the myelin sheath of the fiber, improves the transmission of impulses from nerve endings. It also eliminates pain and prevents its recurrence.
The timely detection of the disease and its treatment is able to "put" the patient on his feet in the shortest possible time. The sooner you seek help from medical institutions, the more likely you are to lead a full life. Any attempt to get rid of the painful effect at home can lead to irreversible consequences.